{"id":19298,"date":"2016-09-27T12:17:30","date_gmt":"2016-09-27T19:17:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/?p=19298"},"modified":"2016-09-27T22:06:42","modified_gmt":"2016-09-28T05:06:42","slug":"cyclists-killed-by-motorists","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/","title":{"rendered":"Should Motorists who Kill Cyclists go to Prison?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A London lorry driver who \u201ccarelessly\u201d killed 29-year-old <span data-offset-key=\"20et-1-0\"><span data-text=\"true\">#cyclist<\/span><\/span><span data-text=\"true\"><span data-offset-key=\"20et-2-0\"> Louise Wright in London has been convicted of causing her death by careless driving \u2013 but has walked away with a suspended sentence and assorted wrist slaps. This has caused understandable global outrage among many cyclists and non-cyclists who think people should be able to walk or cycle without being violently killed. But the family says they didn\u2019t want him in prison. Why would they say that? Read on \u2026<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>This death was another in the long list of cyclists killed by motorists. In this case, the lorry driver, 31-year-old Adam Haywood, pleaded not guilty. He\u00a0said in court that he \u201cmust have\u201d checked his mirrors (before turning left and killing Wright), but he could not remember if he had seen the young woman cyclist. He also could not remember if he had indicated, but thought that \u201cthere was no reason\u201d why he would not have indicated.<\/p>\n<h3>There but for the grace of God go I?<\/h3>\n<p>Judge Jonathan Bennett apparently saw the incident as so many of us do when these tragedies happen. We have all had careless moments while driving, and many of us think, \u201cThere but for the grace of God go I.\u201d I don\u2019t know how many motorists I have heard say, \u201cMy biggest fear driving is that I will kill someone.\u201d I have had exactly that thought myself.<\/p>\n<p>This sentiment is reflected in the judge\u2019s words to Haywood:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u201cYou are going to live with this for years to come and others will live with it for even longer than that. You did not, that day, I accept, expect this to happen, you set off to do a day\u2019s work, you were doing what you enjoyed doing, but you were careless that day.\u201d<\/p>\n<h3>Lorry Driver was Having a Careless Day<\/h3>\n<p>As Haywood was having a \u201ccareless\u201d day, cyclist Louise Wright and her partner James Faulkner were about to start a family \u2013 a family which now will never exist. Faulkner is devastated to have lost the woman he has been with since they were both 14, and says:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u201cShe was always there to support me physically and emotionally and now I go home to an empty house every night. Most days it is a challenge just to get out of bed.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Despite this devastating loss, Louise\u2019s mother, Sharon Brown, said:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u201cI feel that the right verdict has been made, we did not want to see the driver sent to prison. When something as tragic as this happens, there are no winners.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The family may be right. Everyone makes mistakes on the road, without any intent to kill someone else. But then, why does a \u201cspecial, unique\u201d young woman have to pay with her life? Who is to blame in all these incidents were cyclists are killed by motorists?<\/p>\n<h3>Motorists Found Not Guilty of\u00a0Killing Cyclists<\/h3>\n<p>In other similar fatal crashes, <strong>motorists\u00a0are sometimes\u00a0found not guilty<\/strong> (taking \u201cThere but for the grace of God go I\u201d to unacceptable lengths, in my opinion). A case in point was Janina Gehlau, a 26-year-old post-grad student, who was crushed to death by Vincent Doyle in his massive Foden Truck at Ludgate Circus in London, later in 2014. If you Google this incident, note that the wheels of the truck appear to be about six foot high.<\/p>\n<p>Doyle was found not guilty, despite having passed Janina just minutes before, and despite having waited at the traffic light for 23 seconds as she approached (giving him ample time to notice other traffic), and despite the fact that his mirrors were not correctly positioned, and despite the fact that she was yelling and waving as he drove into her, and despite the fact that his initial reaction was anger at the woman who had the cheek to be under his truck: <strong>\u201cAt first I was angry, thinking &#8216;What is this person doing?\u2019\u201d<\/strong> (He does claim to have felt really bad about her death subsequently, even to the point of having a nervous breakdown.)<\/p>\n<p>The family of Janina Gehlau reacted differently to the family of Louise Wright. Her husband Marcel sobbed when the verdict of not-guilty was returned (the jury only invested an hour in thinking about it). In a statement, her family said \u201cWe are devastated by the verdict and<strong> do not feel that we have got justice for Janina<\/strong>. \u2026 I told her I thought the roads were too dangerous when I visited her, but she was an experienced cyclist and told me not to worry, she said it would be fine. Too many families are losing loved ones in these circumstances and action needs to be taken to improve safety before there are any more tragedies.\u201d<\/p>\n<h3>&#8220;Action needs to be taken to improve safety before there are any more tragedies.&#8221;<\/h3>\n<p>Janine&#8217;s family\u00a0were right. <strong>Action does need to be taken.<\/strong> After all, 113 cyclists died in Britain in 2014. The year 2015 seemed to be especially bad for women cyclists in London, when six out of eight\u00a0cyclists killed by lorry drivers were women. Globally, far too many cyclists are killed by motorists.<\/p>\n<p>If you read any of the online articles about any of these crashes, avoid reading the comments. They are a totally depressing exchange of people arguing about who is <strong>\u201cto blame.\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0With a remarkable number blaming the victims. Apparently, some people feel that <strong>because some people sometimes cycle\u00a0recklessly, all cyclists deserve to die<\/strong>. Ironic really, seeing as the consensus seems to be that more women are killed by lorry drivers because <strong>women cyclists tend to be more cautious<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>Absolutely Nothing will be Achieved by\u00a0Blaming Each Other<\/h3>\n<p>However, the <strong>whole blame game is a total red herring<\/strong>, in my opinion. The reality is that <strong>all<\/strong> people are sometimes careless, sometimes reckless, etc. We can blame each other for a century, but\u00a0that reality will never\u00a0change. Therefore, <strong>we need infrastructure that keeps all people as safe as possible, all the time<\/strong>. And lorries and bicycles should not be sharing road space, ever.<\/p>\n<p>Most people seem to agree. The response to my tweet below has been overwhelmingly positive.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"500\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">This is how all streets should look \u2013 safe space for pedestrians, <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/cyclists?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#cyclists<\/a> and motorists in downtown <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Vancouver?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Vancouver<\/a>! <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/SDr4CZY91L\">pic.twitter.com\/SDr4CZY91L<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Average Joe Cyclist (@AvrgeJoeCyclist) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/AvrgeJoeCyclist\/status\/744579318878179328?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 19, 2016<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>This is Dunsmuir Street in central Vancouver. I have cycled down this street for decades, and I used to dread it when it was shared space. <strong>I love it now that we have a separate bike lane<\/strong>. Of course, there is still danger at intersections, and I have seen two such crashes\u00a0already. Here\u2019s one that happened when a driver decided to ignore (or simply was too careless to notice) the sign that says that <strong>cars cannot turn right (across the cycle lane)<\/strong> at this intersection. The cyclist survived, the motorist was inconvenienced. Notice the bicycle wheel under the front wheel of the car. The rest of the bike was in the gutter; the cyclist was in an ambulance. All so that someone could save a couple of minutes by making an illegal right turn.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17592\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17592\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/eepurl.com\/bGzuPf\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"17592\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?fit=750%2C463&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"750,463\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Motorist turned left into bike lane despite no turning sign 750\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Here\u2019s a crash that happened when a driver decided to ignore (or simply was too careless to notice) the sign that says that cars cannot turn right (across the cycle lane) at this intersection. The cyclist was taken away in an ambulance, the motorist was somewhat inconvenienced&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?fit=300%2C185&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?fit=750%2C463&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-17592 size-full lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg\" alt=\"Here\u2019s a crash that happened when a driver decided to ignore (or simply was too careless to notice) the sign that says that cars cannot turn right (across the cycle lane) at this intersection. Notice the bicycle wheel under the left side of the car. The cyclist was taken away in an ambulance, the motorist was somewhat inconvenienced\" width=\"750\" height=\"463\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17592\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"17592\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?fit=750%2C463&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"750,463\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Motorist turned left into bike lane despite no turning sign 750\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Here\u2019s a crash that happened when a driver decided to ignore (or simply was too careless to notice) the sign that says that cars cannot turn right (across the cycle lane) at this intersection. The cyclist was taken away in an ambulance, the motorist was somewhat inconvenienced&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?fit=300%2C185&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?fit=750%2C463&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-17592 size-full lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?resize=750%2C463&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Here\u2019s a crash that happened when a driver decided to ignore (or simply was too careless to notice) the sign that says that cars cannot turn right (across the cycle lane) at this intersection. Notice the bicycle wheel under the left side of the car. The cyclist was taken away in an ambulance, the motorist was somewhat inconvenienced\" width=\"750\" height=\"463\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?w=750&amp;ssl=1 750w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?resize=300%2C185&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?resize=150%2C93&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?resize=250%2C154&amp;ssl=1 250w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?resize=320%2C198&amp;ssl=1 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/noscript><\/a> Here\u2019s a crash that happened when a driver decided to ignore (or simply was too careless to notice) the sign that says that cars cannot turn right (across the cycle lane) at this intersection. Notice the bicycle wheel under the left side of the car. The cyclist was taken away in an ambulance, the motorist was somewhat inconvenienced<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>What we really need are <strong>dedicated cycle routes created solely for cyclists<\/strong>, which are not interspersed with car-clogged intersections and driveways. Thankfully, London seems to have got that. In the last few years, there has been an explosion in <strong>separated cycle ways in London<\/strong>. This is what has happened already.<\/p>\n<h3>Cycle Superhighways in London Built and in Progress<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Already built<\/strong>: Cycle Superhighway 2 (Stratford to Aldgate), Cycle Superhighway 3 (Barking to Tower Gateway), Cycle Superhighway 7 (Merton to the City), and Cycle Superhighway 8 (Wandsworth to Westminster) have been built.<\/p>\n<p><strong>In progress<\/strong>: Cycle Superhighway 1, East West Cycle Superhighway, and North-South Cycle Superhighway. Plus an upgrade to Cycle Superhighway 2 (Stratford to Aldgate).<\/p>\n<p>Here&#8217;s a video that shows what it&#8217;s like to cycle on the London cycle superhighways.<\/p>\n<p><iframe class=\"lazyload\" title=\"London&#039;s Cycle Superhighway 7 (CS7) - rideable.bike\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/WdSEaXaItq8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Unsurprisingly, cycling is booming in London. Now, I hope that we also get to see a <strong>dramatic drop in cyclist deaths in London<\/strong>. It won&#8217;t happen because all motorists and cyclists are (magically) never again careless or distracted. That&#8217;s not going to happen. It will happen when<strong> safe infrastructure keeps all road users safe. <\/strong>At that time, it will become common place to see sights like the one below in all major cities, not just Copenhagen. And just as in Copenhagen, the helmets will <strong>not<\/strong> be required. The Netherlands has the lowest rate of serious head injury to cyclists in the world, and at the same time almost no one wears helmets. You don&#8217;t need to when you are not competing for road space with people driving giant vehicles.<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_18670\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-18670\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"18670\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/make-bike-routes-in-vancouver-safer\/mom-and-two-kids-on-dunsmuir-750-x-4201-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/Mom-and-two-kids-on-Dunsmuir-750-x-4201.jpg?fit=750%2C420&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"750,420\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Mom and two kids on Dunsmuir 750 x 420(1)\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Mom and two kids cycle in relative safety on the Dunsmuir Street separated bike lane in downtown Vancouver&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/Mom-and-two-kids-on-Dunsmuir-750-x-4201.jpg?fit=300%2C168&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/Mom-and-two-kids-on-Dunsmuir-750-x-4201.jpg?fit=750%2C420&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18670 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/Mom-and-two-kids-on-Dunsmuir-750-x-4201.jpg\" alt=\"Mom and two kids cycle in relative safety on the Dunsmuir Street separated bike lane in downtown Vancouver\" width=\"750\" height=\"420\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-18670\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"18670\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/make-bike-routes-in-vancouver-safer\/mom-and-two-kids-on-dunsmuir-750-x-4201-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/Mom-and-two-kids-on-Dunsmuir-750-x-4201.jpg?fit=750%2C420&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"750,420\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Mom and two kids on Dunsmuir 750 x 420(1)\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Mom and two kids cycle in relative safety on the Dunsmuir Street separated bike lane in downtown Vancouver&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/Mom-and-two-kids-on-Dunsmuir-750-x-4201.jpg?fit=300%2C168&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/Mom-and-two-kids-on-Dunsmuir-750-x-4201.jpg?fit=750%2C420&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18670 lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/Mom-and-two-kids-on-Dunsmuir-750-x-4201.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Mom and two kids cycle in relative safety on the Dunsmuir Street separated bike lane in downtown Vancouver\" width=\"750\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/Mom-and-two-kids-on-Dunsmuir-750-x-4201.jpg?w=750&amp;ssl=1 750w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/Mom-and-two-kids-on-Dunsmuir-750-x-4201.jpg?resize=300%2C168&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/Mom-and-two-kids-on-Dunsmuir-750-x-4201.jpg?resize=150%2C84&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/Mom-and-two-kids-on-Dunsmuir-750-x-4201.jpg?resize=250%2C140&amp;ssl=1 250w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/Mom-and-two-kids-on-Dunsmuir-750-x-4201.jpg?resize=320%2C179&amp;ssl=1 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/noscript> Mom and two kids cycle in relative safety on the Dunsmuir Street separated bike lane in downtown Vancouver<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-43\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-43 tbody-has-connected-cells\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td colspan=\"3\" class=\"column-1\"><center><strong>As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td colspan=\"3\" class=\"column-1\"><h3>Check Out Our Most Popular Posts!<\/h3><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td colspan=\"3\" class=\"column-1\"><div id=\"metaslider-id-25127\" style=\"max-width: 750px; margin: 0 auto;\" class=\"ml-slider-3-99-0 metaslider metaslider-flex metaslider-25127 ml-slider ms-theme-default nav-hidden nav-hidden\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"Top posts AJC\" data-width=\"750\">\n    <div id=\"metaslider_container_25127\">\n        <div id=\"metaslider_25127\">\n            <ul class='slides'>\n                <li style=\"display: block; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-42801 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2023-07-30 12:36:22\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/garmin-edge-540-vs-840\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/3-views-of-Garmin-Edge-540-vs-840-3-1.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-42801 msDefaultImage\" title=\"3 views of Garmin Edge 540 vs 840 (3)\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>The New Garmin Edge 840 vs. 540: What's the Difference, and Which is Better?<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-45253 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2025-02-22 21:00:38\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/garmin-edge-1050-vs-1040\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Garmin-Edge-1040-vs-1050-on-handlebars-copy.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"Garmin Edge 1050 vs 1040 on handlebars\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-45253 msDefaultImage\" title=\"Garmin Edge 1040 vs 1050 on handlebars copy\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>Garmin Edge 1050 vs 1040 - What's the Difference, and Which One is Better?<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-43285 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2023-11-25 14:17:30\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/garmin-edge-540-vs-840-vs-1040\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/PH-man-road-bike-forest-road.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"When you&#039;re enjoying a fast bike ride in a beautiful setting, having an easy-to-use bike computer really does enhance the experience, Garmin Edge 540 vs 840 vs 540\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-43285 msDefaultImage\" title=\"PH man road bike forest road\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>Garmin Edge 540 vs 840 vs 1040 - Complete Comparison with Chart Showing Differences and Similarities<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-42800 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2023-07-30 12:32:40\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/shokz-openrun-pro-vs-shokz-openrun\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Post-header-Joe-and-Maggie-wearing-Shokz-OpenRun-Mini-headphones.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"review of Shokz OpenRun Mini headphones\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-42800 msDefaultImage\" title=\"Post header Joe and Maggie wearing Shokz OpenRun Mini headphones\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>Shokz OpenRun vs. OpenRun Pro Bluetooth Bone Conduction Headphones: What's the Difference?<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-43108 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2023-11-12 08:44:18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wahoo-tickr-heart-rate-monitor-review\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Wahoo-TICKR-post-head.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"Wahoo TICKR Heart Rate Monitor \u2013 Our Review\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-43108 msDefaultImage\" title=\"Wahoo TICKR post head\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>Wahoo TICKR Heart Rate Monitor \u2013 Best Budget Heart Rate Monitor?<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-43107 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2023-11-12 08:42:38\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/can-average-cyclists-do-zwift-workouts\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Joe-on-Zwift-bike-12-oct-2023-with-105-proof-copy-1-1.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"I fell in love with Zwifting instantly. In seemingly no time, I had completed my first 100 miles, and was totally hooked\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-43107 msDefaultImage\" title=\"Joe on Zwift bike 12 oct 2023 with 105 proof copy (1)\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>Can Average Cyclists Do Zwift Workouts?<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-42685 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2023-07-13 20:58:32\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/garmin-edge-840-vs-830\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Garmin-Edge-830-840-and-830-solar-post-header1.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-42685 msDefaultImage\" title=\"Garmin Edge 830 840 and 830 solar post header(1)\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>Garmin Edge 840 vs. 830: What's the Difference?<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-42798 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2023-07-30 12:28:50\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cycling-erectile-dysfunction\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Erectile-Dysfunction-01-smaller-1.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"The root of the problem is that when you cycle, you spend a lot of time with all your body weight bearing down on a small but sensitive part of your anatomy\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-42798 msDefaultImage\" title=\"Erectile Dysfunction 01 smaller\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>Can Cycling Cause Penis Numbness, Erectile Dysfunction, and Prostate Cancer?<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-42684 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2023-07-13 20:56:47\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/garmin-edge-540-vs-530\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/540-Bike-computer-near-sea.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"Garmin Edge 540 vs 530 - What&#039;s the difference?\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-42684 msDefaultImage\" title=\"540 Bike computer near sea\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>Garmin Edge 540 vs 530 - What's the difference?<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-42794 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2023-07-30 12:23:28\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/review-of-the-mojawa-run-plus-bone-conduction-headphones\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Post-header-Joe-floating-in-pool-with-Mojawa-headphones.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"What better way to relax your body after a bike ride than getting into the water!\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-42794 msDefaultImage\" title=\"Post header Joe floating in pool with Mojawa headphones\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>Review of the Mojawa Dual Function Headphones: Bluetooth Open Ear for Cycling, and MP3 for Swimming<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-41082 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2022-12-01 11:35:16\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/garmin-edge-1030-plus-vs-1040\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Post-header-1040-vs-1030-Plus1.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"They look the same - but there are quite a lot of differences!. Garmin edge 1030 plus vs 1040 bike computers\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-41082 msDefaultImage\" title=\"Post header 1040 vs 1030 Plus(1)\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>Garmin Edge 1040 vs 1030 Plus: What\u2019s the Difference?<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-35727 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2020-09-13 16:39:34\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/best-garmin-edge-bike-2\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/slide-all-garmin-edge-bike-computers-compared1.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"All Garmin Edge Bike Computers Compared\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-35727 msDefaultImage\" title=\"slide all garmin edge bike computers compared(1)\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>ALL GARMIN EDGE BIKE COMPUTERS COMPARED. 130 Plus vs Explore 2 vs 530 vs 830 vs 1030 Plus vs 1040<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-33696 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2020-05-17 13:45:41\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/best-cheap-bike-computers-under-100\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/7-cheap-bike-computers-on-a-handlebar-header1-1.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-33696 msDefaultImage\" title=\"7 cheap bike computers on a handlebar header(1)\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>7 of the Best Cheap Bike Computers under $75 \u2013 Includes Budget Wireless Computers<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-37594 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2021-02-15 18:45:51\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/7-of-the-best-budget-bike-computers\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/7-budget-bike-computers-post-header.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-37594 msDefaultImage\" title=\"7 budget bike computers post header\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>7 of the Best Budget Bike Computers<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-37535 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2021-02-09 17:46:40\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/7-best-dog-bike-baskets\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Dog-bike-basket-header1.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"7 best dog bike baskets\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-37535 msDefaultImage\" title=\"Dog bike basket header(1)\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>7 of the Best Carriers to Take Your Dog on Bike Rides<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-34577 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2020-07-27 15:05:43\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/garmin-edge-530-vs-830-vs-1030-plus\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/530-vs-830-vs-1030-plus-header-min.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"This graphic shows you the relative sizes of the 530 (left), 1030 Plus (center), and 830 (right)\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-34577 msDefaultImage\" title=\"530 vs 830 vs 1030 plus header-min\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>Garmin Edge 530 vs 830 vs 1030 Plus vs 1040 Bike Computers: In-Depth Comparison with Reviews and Videos<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-33276 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2020-04-23 15:42:22\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/best-road-bike-saddles-2\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Best-road-bike-saddles-header.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"Best road bike saddles\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-33276 msDefaultImage\" title=\"Best road bike saddles header\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>9 of the Best Road Bike Saddles for Men and Women - Video-Packed Post<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-32893 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2020-04-08 08:05:11\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/7-best-bike-computers\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/7-best-bike-computers-header-41.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-32893 msDefaultImage\" title=\"7 best bike computers header 4(1)\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>7 of the Best Bike Computers<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-32445 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2020-03-09 12:27:40\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/7-best-waterproof-cycling-jackets\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/9-of-the-best-waterproof-cycling-jackets-header1.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"9 of the best waterproof cycling jackets for men and women. A great waterproof cycling jacket will keep you dry, and at the same time be breathable, so that you don&#039;t overheat your core\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-32445 msDefaultImage\" title=\"9 of the best waterproof cycling jackets header(1)\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>7 of the Best Waterproof Cycling Jackets for Men and Women<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-30917 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2019-07-25 16:27:47\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/garmin-edge-530-vs-830-vs-1030\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Garmin-Edge-530-vs-830-vs-1030-header-2.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"The Garmin Edge 830 on Maggie&#039;s bike\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-30917 msDefaultImage\" title=\"Garmin Edge 530 vs 830 vs 1030 header 2\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>Garmin Edge 530 vs 830 vs 1030 vs 1040<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-31341 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2019-08-26 22:13:15\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/great-bikes-amazon\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/woman-bike-and-dog-at-sunset-2.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"Get a new bike, and then get outside and have fun!\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-31341 msDefaultImage\" title=\"woman bike and dog at sunset 2\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>7 Great Budget Bikes You Can Buy on Amazon - Cruiser, Mountain, Road and Hybrid<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-25151 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2017-08-12 16:10:32\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/compare-best-waterproof-bike-panniers\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Bridgestone-MB2-classic-mountain-bike-on-trestle-bridge-on-Lochside-Bridge-700x300.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-25151 msDefaultImage\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>7 of the Best Waterproof Bike Panniers Compared<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-25163 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2017-08-13 19:30:07\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/best-baby-and-child-bike-seats\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/man-cycling-from-Tsawwassen-with-child-1-750-closer-1.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-25163 msDefaultImage\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>7 of the Best Child Bike Seats Compared<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-33689 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2020-05-17 13:25:47\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/7-best-bike-locks\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Bike-lock-header1.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"7 best bike locks\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-33689 msDefaultImage\" title=\"Bike lock header(1)\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>7 of the Best Bike locks Compared. Find the Best Bike Lock For You!<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-42799 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2023-07-30 12:30:42\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/best-headphones-safe-cycling-2\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Post-header-Joe-and-Maggie-safest-headphones.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-42799 msDefaultImage\" title=\"Post header Joe and Maggie safest headphones\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>Best Safe Headphones for Cyclists Compared<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-45252 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2025-02-22 20:57:16\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/piriformis-syndrome-in-cyclists\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Piriformis-muscle-seen-from-behind-header.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"Piriformis muscle seen from the front header\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-45252 msDefaultImage\" title=\"Piriformis muscle seen from the front header\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>Piriformis Syndrome in Cyclists - How to Prevent and Cure It<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-45526 ms-image \" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2025-03-08 16:15:36\"><a href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/are-garmin-edge-bike-computers-worth-it\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"View Slide Details\" class=\"metaslider_image_link\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/keen-cyclists.jpg?resize=750%2C420&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"420\" width=\"750\" alt=\"If you are you a really keen and serious cyclist, aspiring to train hard and become fitter and faster, then it is possible that a Garmin Edge bike computer would be a good choice for you\" class=\"slider-25127 slide-45526 msDefaultImage\" title=\"keen cyclists\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\"><div>Are Garmin Edge Bike Computers Worth It?<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n        \n    <\/div>\n<\/div><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td colspan=\"3\" class=\"column-1\"><h3>Did you enjoy this post or find it helpful? If so, please support our blog!<\/h3><br \/>\n<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-43266 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Table-Picture-Joe-on-bike-in-desert-with-Adidas-bike-shirt-Nov-2023.jpg?resize=170%2C160&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"170\" height=\"160\" \/><br \/>\nWe write this blog because we love cycling. But we also need to earn a living, so we would appreciate it very much if you click through to one of our reputable affiliates for your online shopping. <a href=\"http:\/\/amzn.to\/2hqcg9Q\">We are proudly affiliated with Amazon,<\/a> which sells pretty much everything, and has outstanding shipping and return policies. When you buy from our affiliates we make a small commission, and this is the <strong>only way<\/strong> we earn any income. Plus, it costs you nothing at all - a real win\/win situation! We here at Average Joe Cyclist do not receive any information AT ALL about who you are, where you live, or what your dog's name is. Buying through our Amazon links is simply an anonymous way to thank us for our efforts, like tossing a few coins in a tip jar. Except that it is Amazon who tosses the coins, not you!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><center><a href=\"http:\/\/amzn.to\/2dQ8qH2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Shop at Amazon in the USA:<\/a><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.ca\/b?_encoding=UTF8&amp;camp=15121&amp;creative=330641&amp;linkCode=ur2&amp;node=2406106011&amp;site-redirect=&amp;tag=avejoecyc-20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Shop at Amazon in Canada:<\/a><\/td><td class=\"column-3\"><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/b?_encoding=UTF8&amp;camp=1634&amp;creative=6738&amp;linkCode=ur2&amp;node=324144011&amp;site-redirect=&amp;tag=avejoecyc-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Shop at Amazon in the UK:<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-6\">\n\t<td colspan=\"3\" class=\"column-1\"><center><strong>As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-43 from cache -->\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A London lorry driver who carelessly killed 29-year-old cyclist Louise Wright in London has been convicted of causing her death by careless driving \u2013 but has walked away with a suspended sentence and assorted wrist slaps. Should he have gone to prison? The family doesn\u2019t think so \u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":17592,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[108],"tags":[124,109,750,748,330,118,363,458,535,119],"class_list":{"0":"post-19298","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-bike-safety","8":"tag-bike-accidents","9":"tag-bike-commuting","10":"tag-bike-safety","11":"tag-cycling-advocacy","12":"tag-cycling-fatalities","13":"tag-dunsmuir-street","14":"tag-london-cycling","15":"tag-ludgate-circus","16":"tag-safe-cycling-infrastructure","17":"tag-separate-bike-lanes","18":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.8 (Yoast SEO v25.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>When Motorists Kill Cyclists, Who is to Blame?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"London lorry driver who carelessly killed a cyclist convicted of causing death by careless driving \u2013 but has walked away. Who&#039;s to blame?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Should Motorists who Kill Cyclists go to Prison?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"London lorry driver who carelessly killed a cyclist convicted of causing death by careless driving \u2013 but has walked away. Who&#039;s to blame?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Average Joe Cyclist\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/averagejoe.cyclist\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/averagejoe.cyclist\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-09-27T19:17:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2016-09-28T05:06:42+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?fit=750%2C463&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"750\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"463\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Average Joe Cyclist\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@AvrgeJoeCyclist\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@AvrgeJoeCyclist\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Average Joe Cyclist\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/\",\"name\":\"When Motorists Kill Cyclists, Who is to Blame?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?fit=750%2C463&ssl=1\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-09-27T19:17:30+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2016-09-28T05:06:42+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/#\/schema\/person\/5ed1d4c86d3fc3c7265efe25d3ad9dd7\"},\"description\":\"London lorry driver who carelessly killed a cyclist convicted of causing death by careless driving \u2013 but has walked away. Who's to blame?\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?fit=750%2C463&ssl=1\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?fit=750%2C463&ssl=1\",\"width\":750,\"height\":463,\"caption\":\"Here\u2019s a crash that happened when a driver decided to ignore (or simply was too careless to notice) the sign that says that cars cannot turn right (across the cycle lane) at this intersection. The cyclist was taken away in an ambulance, the motorist was somewhat inconvenienced\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Should Motorists who Kill Cyclists go to Prison?\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/\",\"name\":\"Average Joe Cyclist\",\"description\":\"A Blog for Average People who LOVE to ride bikes!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/#\/schema\/person\/5ed1d4c86d3fc3c7265efe25d3ad9dd7\",\"name\":\"Average Joe Cyclist\",\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/www.averagejoecyclist.com\",\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/averagejoe.cyclist\/\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/author\/admin\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"When Motorists Kill Cyclists, Who is to Blame?","description":"London lorry driver who carelessly killed a cyclist convicted of causing death by careless driving \u2013 but has walked away. Who's to blame?","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Should Motorists who Kill Cyclists go to Prison?","og_description":"London lorry driver who carelessly killed a cyclist convicted of causing death by careless driving \u2013 but has walked away. Who's to blame?","og_url":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/","og_site_name":"Average Joe Cyclist","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/averagejoe.cyclist","article_author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/averagejoe.cyclist\/","article_published_time":"2016-09-27T19:17:30+00:00","article_modified_time":"2016-09-28T05:06:42+00:00","og_image":[{"width":750,"height":463,"url":"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?fit=750%2C463&ssl=1","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Average Joe Cyclist","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@AvrgeJoeCyclist","twitter_site":"@AvrgeJoeCyclist","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Average Joe Cyclist","Est. reading time":"8 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/","url":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/","name":"When Motorists Kill Cyclists, Who is to Blame?","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?fit=750%2C463&ssl=1","datePublished":"2016-09-27T19:17:30+00:00","dateModified":"2016-09-28T05:06:42+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/#\/schema\/person\/5ed1d4c86d3fc3c7265efe25d3ad9dd7"},"description":"London lorry driver who carelessly killed a cyclist convicted of causing death by careless driving \u2013 but has walked away. Who's to blame?","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?fit=750%2C463&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?fit=750%2C463&ssl=1","width":750,"height":463,"caption":"Here\u2019s a crash that happened when a driver decided to ignore (or simply was too careless to notice) the sign that says that cars cannot turn right (across the cycle lane) at this intersection. The cyclist was taken away in an ambulance, the motorist was somewhat inconvenienced"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/cyclists-killed-by-motorists\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Should Motorists who Kill Cyclists go to Prison?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/","name":"Average Joe Cyclist","description":"A Blog for Average People who LOVE to ride bikes!","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/#\/schema\/person\/5ed1d4c86d3fc3c7265efe25d3ad9dd7","name":"Average Joe Cyclist","sameAs":["http:\/\/www.averagejoecyclist.com","https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/averagejoe.cyclist\/"],"url":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/author\/admin\/"}]}},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Motorist-turned-left-into-bike-lane-despite-no-turning-sign-750.jpg?fit=750%2C463&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p13QyJ-51g","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19298","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19298"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19298\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17592"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19298"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19298"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/averagejoecyclist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19298"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}